The American Automobile Industry in World War Two
An American Auto Industry Heritage Tribute by David D Jackson

Overview      Lansing Michigan in World War Two   The U.S. Auto Industry at the Normandy Invasion, June 6, 1944    The U.S. Auto Industry and the B-29 Bomber   U.S. Auto Industry Army-Navy "E" Award Winners   The Complete listing of All Army-Navy "E" Award Winners   Sherman Tanks of the American Auto Industry   Tank Destroyers of the American Auto Industry    M26 Pershing Tanks of the American Auto Industry   M36 Tank Destroyers of the American Auto Industry   Serial Numbers for WWII Tanks built by the American Auto Industry   Surviving LCVP Landing Craft    WWII Landing Craft Hull Numbers   Airborne Extra-Light Jeep Photos  The American Auto Industry vs. the German V-1 in WWII   American Auto Industry-Built Anti-Aircraft Guns in WWII   VT Proximity Manufacturers of WWII   World War One Era Motor Vehicles   National Museum of Military Vehicles  
Revisions   Links

 Automobile and Body Manufacturers:  American Bantam Car Company   Briggs Manufacturing Company   Checker Car Company   Chrysler Corporation   Crosley Corporation   Ford Motor Car Company   General Motors Corporation   Graham-Paige Motors Corporation   Hudson
Motor Car Company   Murray Corporation of America   Nash-Kelvinator   Packard Motor Car Company      Studebaker    Willys-Overland Motors

General Motors Divisions:  AC Spark Plug   Aeroproducts   Allison   Brown-Lipe-Chapin   Buick   Cadillac   Chevrolet   Cleveland Diesel   Delco Appliance   Delco Products   Delco Radio   Delco-Remy   Detroit Diesel   Detroit Transmission   Electro-Motive   Fisher Body   Frigidaire   GM Proving Grounds   GM of Canada   GMC   GMI   Guide Lamp   Harrison Radiator   Hyatt Bearings   Inland   Moraine Products   New Departure   Oldsmobile   Packard Electric   Pontiac   Saginaw Malleable Iron   Saginaw Steering Gear   Southern California Division   Rochester Products   Ternstedt Manufacturing Division   United Motors Service   Vauxhall Motors

 Indiana Companies:  Bailey Products Corporation   Chrysler Kokomo Plant   Continental Steel Corporation  Converto Manufacturing    Cummins Engine Company   Diamond Chain and Manufacturing Company   Delta Electric Company   Durham Manufacturing Company   Farnsworth Television and Radio Corporation   Haynes Stellite Company   Hercules Body Company   Horton Manufacturing Company   Howe Fire Apparatus   J.D. Adams Company   Kokomo Spring Company   Magnavox  
Muncie Gear Works   Pierce Governor Company   Portland Forge and Foundry   Reliance Manufacturing Company   Republic Aviation Corporation - Indiana Division   Ross Gear and Tool Company   S.F. Bowser & Co.   Sherrill Research Corporation   Tokheim Oil Tank and Pump Company   Warner Gear   Wayne Pump Company   Wayne Works

Commercial Truck and Fire Apparatus Manufacturers:  American LaFrance   Autocar  
Biederman Motors Corporation   Brockway Motor Company   Detroit General   Diamond T   Duplex Truck Company   Federal Motor Truck   Four Wheel Drive Auto Company(FWD)   International Harvester   John Bean   Mack Truck   Marmon-Herrington Company   Michigan Power Shovel Company   Oshkosh Motor Truck Corporation   Pacific Car and Foundry   "Quick-Way" Truck Shovel Company   Reo Motor Car Company  Seagrave Fire Apparatus   Sterling Motor Truck Company    Ward LaFrance Truck Corporation   White Motor Company

Aviation Companies:  Abrams Instrument Corporation   Hughes Aircraft Company   Kellett Aviation Corporation   Laister-Kauffman Aircraft Corporation   Naval Aircraft Factory   P-V Engineering Forum, Inc.    Rudolf Wurlitzer Company-DeKalb Division  Schweizer Aircraft Corporation   Sikorsky Division of United Aircraft Corporation   St. Louis Aircraft Corporation   Timm Aircraft Corporation

Other World War Two Manufacturers: 
Air King Products   Allis-Chalmers   American Car and Foundry   American Locomotive   American Stove Company   Annapolis Yacht Yard  
Andover Motors Company   B.F. Goodrich   Baker War Industries   Baldwin Locomotive Works   Blood Brothers Machine Company   Boyertown Auto Body Works   Briggs & Stratton   Caterpillar   Cheney Bigelow Wire Works   Centrifugal Fusing   Chris-Craft   Clark Equipment Company   Cleaver-Brooks Company   Cleveland Tractor Company   Continental Motors   Cushman Motor Works   Crocker-Wheeler   Dail Steel Products   Detrola   Engineering & Research Corporation   Farrand Optical Company   Federal Telephone and Radio Corp.   Firestone Tire and Rubber Company   Fruehauf Trailer Company   Fuller Manufacturing   Galvin Manufacturing   Gemmer Manufacturing Company   General Railway Signal Company   Gibson Guitar   Gibson Refrigerator Company   Goodyear   Hall-Scott   Hanson Clutch and Machinery Company   Harley-Davidson   Harris-Seybold-Potter   Herreshoff Manufacturing Company   Higgins Industries    Highway Trailer   Hill Diesel Company   Holland Hitch Company   Homelite Company   Horace E. Dodge Boat and Plane Corporation   Huffman Manufacturing   Indian Motorcycle   Ingersoll Steel and Disk   John Deere   Johnson Automatics Manufacturing Company   Kimberly-Clark   Kohler Company   Kold-Hold Company   Landers, Frary & Clark  Lima Locomotive Works   Lundberg Screw Products   MacKenzie Muffler Company   Massey-Harris   Matthews Company   McCord Radiator & Mfg. Company   Metal Mouldings Corporation   Miller Printing Machinery Company   Morse Instrument Company   Motor Products Corporation   Motor Wheel Corporation   National Cash Resgister Company   Novo Engine Company   O'Keefe & Merritt Company   Olofsson Tool and Die Company   Oneida Ltd   Otis Elevator   Owens Yacht   Pressed Steel Car Company   Queen City Manufacturing Company   R.G. LeTourneau   R.L. Drake Company   St. Clair Rubber Company   Samson United Corporation   Shakespeare Company   Sight Feed Generator Company   Simplex Manufacturing Company   Steel Products Engineering Company   St. Louis Car Company   Twin Disc Company   Victor Adding Machine Company   Vilter Manufacturing Company   Wells-Gardner   W.L. Maxson Corporation   W.W. Boes Company   Westfield Manufacturing Company   York-Hoover Body Company   Youngstown Steel Door Company  
   

Ford Victory Pictorial   Ford WWII Production Database   Ford M4A3 Sherman Tank Photos   Ford Highland Park Plant Photos
Ford Motor Car Company in World War Two
Dearborn, MI
1903-Present

This page updated on 2-11-2022.

An Overview

Ford Motor Company is probably best known for its production of 6,790 B-24 Bombers at the US government financed and owned plant at Willow Run, MI.  Constructing the plant, finding and training the required people, and acquiring the tooling and equipment to build the aircraft consumed a considerable amount of Ford's resources and time during the war.  Lost in the B-24 story is the number and diversity of other war items Ford built that contributed to the success of the US war effort.  Below I have attempted to capture the entire breadth of what the Ford Motor Company produced during World War Two. This starts with the JB-2 Loon, the first US "cruise missile," which was a copy of the German V-1 Buzz Bomb.

Also of significant note is the number and location of Ford's plants, not only in the US but overseas as well.  While several of the plants were sold or loaned to the US government for war production, Ford's 42 domestic plants continued producing war goods.  Some of these were small "village" plants that produced many important parts for the larger products.


In the years after World War One and leading up to World War Two, the United States military establishment ignored the work of US rocket inventor Robert Goddard, putting the defense of the country at risk in doing so.  While they were ignoring Robert Goddard, now proclaimed the father of American rocketry, the German military was in the process of funding its rocket scientists, resulting in the Vengeance Weapons, the V-1, and V-2.  The United States was therefore put in the position of having to copy captured German V-1s as they became available.  The result was the JB-2 Loon as seen above.  Republic Aviation had the contract for the airframe, but Ford Motor Company was chosen to produce the pulse jet engine.  Check my Willys-Overland page to see the significant contribution it made to this project when Republic Aviation subcontracted all of the airframe work to it.  Author's Photo.


This 1903 Ford Model A runabout had its engine and chassis supplied by the Dodge Brothers machine shop, setting into motion two names in the US auto industry that still exist.  This was Henry Ford's third and lasting attempt to start a car company, the second one became Cadillac after he left.  Author's photo from the Gilmore Car Museum.



Seven Ford plants won the Army-Navy "E" Award a total of 14 times during World War Two.

Ford Motor Car Company Plants that won the Army-Navy "E" for Excellence Award during WWII

Aircraft Engine Plant, Dearborn, MI on 3-12-1943 1
Glider Plant, Iron Mountain, MI 3
Richmond Tank and Motor Vehicle Depot, Richmond, CA 4
Somerville Branch, Somerville, MA 2
Twin City Branch, St. Paul, MN 1
Willow Run Bomber Plant, Ypsilanti, MI 1
Ypsilanti Plant, Ypsilanti, MI 3
Total 14

Ford Motor Company World War Two Production Statistics: 
Aviation Related - (56,870) Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Radial Aircraft Engines, (6,790) B-24 Liberator Bombers, (1,894) B-24 Knock Down Kits*,  (75,166) P-1 Aircraft Generators, (11,224) R-1 Aircraft Generators, (4,314) CG-4A Gliders, (87) 14A Gliders, (17,008) Aircraft Drop Fuel Tanks, (2,501) Pulse Jet Engines, (52,278) Turbo Superchargers, (5,475) Aircraft Rate of Climb Indicators 

*Knock Down Kits - These went to the Douglas Plant in Tulsa, OK and Consolidated Plant in Fort Worth, TX for final assembly.

Vehicles - (12,782) Amphibious Jeeps (Seeps), (282,354) Jeeps, (250) T17 Armored Cars, (8,410) M-8 Armored Cars, (3,791) M-20 Armored Cars, (19,520) British Axles, (26,086) British Engines, (1,690) M4A3 Sherman Tanks, (1,038) M10A1 Tank Destroyers, (26,727) Tank Engines, (5,475) Tank Gun Mounts, (13,893) Universal (Bren Gun) Carriers, (7,053) GTBC 1-1/2 ton, 4x4 Bomb Service Trucks, (77,915) G8T 2-1/2 ton 4x2 Trucks, (8,218) GTB 1-1/2 ton 4x4 Cargo Trucks (Burma Jeep), (42,676) Army/Navy Cargo Trucks (Standard Product), (12,420) 1-1/2 Pick-up Trucks (Standard Product), (10,476) 1942 Automobiles, (3,025 or 10,877) Ford designed Moto-Tugs.

A note on tank engines:  Included in the total of 25,079 tank engines are 20,999 GAA, 3,688 GAF, 366 GAN and 26 GAY tank engines.  The GAA was used in both the Ford-built M4A3 tank built by Ford, Chrysler, and Fisher Body.  It was also used in the M10A1 tank destroyer built by Ford.  The GAF was used in the 2,202 T26E3/M26 Pershing tanks and the 185 T26E2/M45 105mm howitzer gun carriages.  The GAN was used in the 250 T23 built by Chrysler at the Detroit tank arsenal.

A note on Jeeps:  The figure 282,354 includes 4,458 GP models with Ford engines and 277,896 GPW models with Willys engines.

Other - (802) M-7 Gun Directors, (400) M-5 Gun Directors, (9,498) Squad Tents, (19,985) M34 and M34A1 Gun Mounts for Sherman Tanks.

The numbers given above only represent United States production.  Foreign production is listed on the Ford Database Page.

Editor's Note:  The information presented for Ford-built World War Two military production numbers was obtained from "Ford in the Service of America:  Mass Production for the Military During the World Wars," by Timothy J. O'Callaghan published by McFarland and Co. in 2009.  This is an excellent book.  Mr. O'Callaghan spent considerable time researching Ford historical archives to tell the Ford story during both World Wars.  Production numbers above came from a table that included three different ways the WWII production had been tabulated:  1)  Month by month production records from 1-1941 to 8-1945; 2)  Fixed and Cost contracts from 1941 through 1945; 3)  Flyer published September 1945.

Sometimes the numbers for a particular product match between the three sources, and sometimes they don't.  I chose method "one," as this covers the war production that ended with the termination of hostilities in August of 1945.  In other parts of the book, production numbers are given for individual plants for particular products.  As seen below, in several cases where I have compared the two sets of numbers they do not reconcile.  This is not unusual.  I have found conflicting or non-existent production numbers in many cases for many of the companies presented on this website.  The main thing to recognize is the vast scope and large numbers of different products Ford produced in the defense of the United States in World War Two.


How cool is this?  This is the original prototype jeep that Ford built in 1940. It is the oldest Ford jeep in existence, on display at the U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum in Huntsville, AL.  There are more photos and information in the jeep section below.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This JB -2 Loon is on display at the Udvar-Hazy Center in Virginia.  Author's Photo.


The Udvar-Hazy Center is in error or misleading in its identification of Ford Motor as the manufacturer, as it only produced the pulse engine.  Author's Photo.


This Ford-built pulse jet engine is on display at the Air Force Museum.  Author's Photo.


The red tubes are the fuel lines and injectors, which sprayed the fuel into the combustion chamber.  Author's Photo.

Ford-Built World War Two Ground Vehicles:  Below are photos of the many different types of vehicles Ford manufactured for the war effort.


During World War One, the Model T was high tech. Ford shipped 4,362 ambulance models like this one to Europe during that conflict.  This was the predecessor to the many trucks it supplied during World War Two, as seen at the US Air Force Museum.  Author's Photo.


Seen here at the 2014 Indiana Military Museum's Salute to World War Two Veteran's is a 1943 Ford 1-1/2 ton GTBC 4x4 bomb truck.  Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


 7,053 GTBCs were built, 4,292 at the Edgewater, NJ plant and 2,750 built in Louisville, KY.  These two production numbers leave eleven units unaccounted for.   Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


In US Navy parlance this is a Mark II, Model II with serial number 101709.  The Ford serial number is 185548.  The maximum gross weight is 10,900 lbs.  Author's photo added 9-1-2014.


This Ford bomb truck is on display at the Sam Werner Military Museum in Monteagle, TN.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This Ford bomb service truck is on display at the Wright Museum of World War II in Wolfeboro, NH.  Author's photo added 4-20-2020.


 This photo from the balcony of the museum provides a nice view down into the vehicle.  Author's photo added 4-20-2020.


 This overhead photo provides another view of the vehicle and how the bombs were transported.  Author's photo added 4-20-2020.


8,218 GTB 1-1/2 ton 4x4 Cargo Trucks (Burma Jeep) were built by Ford during World War Two.  This pristine example was on display at the 2014 Aviation Day at the Columbus, IN Airport.  Note that the design is similar to the GTBC bomb truck shown above.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


The GBT has the same sideways facing passenger seat as the bomb truck.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


Edgewater, NJ built 5,951 GTB Cargo Trucks, and Louisville 1,442 GTBA Cargo Trucks for a total of 7,393.  This leaves 825 units unaccounted for.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


On the move back at the end of the day.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 This is one of 77,915 G8T 2-1/2 ton 4x2 trucks built by Ford.  It is basically the same as its civilian trucks.  Author's Photo from the 2014 MVPA National Convention in Louisville, KY and added 9-1-2014.


 Dallas, TX built 5,899 G8T and 314 GT8A Cargo Trucks, while Edgewater, NJ built 71,350 G8T Cargo Trucks.  In this case 352 trucks are not accounted for.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 G8T production continued from September 1942 until May 1945.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 Most of the trucks went to the Russians under Lend Lease but many ended up on US farms in 1945 when the war ended.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


This World War Two-era photo shows one of 250 T17 armored cars produced by Ford Motor Company at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland.  This 30-ton vehicle was to be supplied to the British as the "Deerhound."  For the U.S. Army, T17s were given to Military Police units in the United States for use after the 37mm cannon was removed.


The U.S. Veterans Memorial Museum in Huntsville, AL has a unique and historic collection of early World War Two jeeps.  From left to right is the original Ford prototype jeep, a 1941 Ford GP, a 1941 Bantam BRC 40, and a 1941 Willy Model MA.  For the jeep or military vehicle historian, these are worth the trip to Huntsville themselves.  But these are just part of a great collection of military history and vehicles at the museum.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Our interest for this page are the two Ford jeeps.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This is the very first jeep that the Ford Motor Company built in response to the U.S. Army's request to provide samples for a 1/4-ton reconnaissance car.  This was the first of two prototypes built by Ford.  Both were Ford property and were returned to the company when the testing was complete.  This became part of the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, MI and was purchased by the U.S. Veterans Military Museum in 2015.  The GP-1 was built by hand in Dearborn, MI and had tractor tires, a 4-cylinder 46hp tractor engine and a Model A four-speed transmission.   Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This is the oldest surviving jeep.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This is the 1941 Ford GP that is next to the line of jeeps.  It was built on May 8, 1941, with serial number 9911.   Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This 1941 Ford GP is on display at the Sam Werner Military Museum in Monteagle, TN.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This jeep was built on 3-21-1941 and is serial number 9005.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Ron Stauffer of Portland, IN is the owner of this 1941 Ford GP.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


Note that the Ford name is stamped into the rear of the vehicle.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


This was photographed at the 2014 MVPA show in Portland, IN.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


  This vehicle is serial number 9493 and was built 4-20-1941.  Author's photo added 2-27-2020.


A Ford-built GPW Jeep photographed at the MPVA Rally at the now defunct Ropkey Armor Museum.  Author's Photo.


The 277,896 number given above includes only the GPW model with a Willys engine.  Another 4,458 of the GP model with a Ford engine brought the total to 282,354 Ford-built Jeeps during WWII.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


This Ford was delivered to the US Armed Forces on May 3, 1943.  It was seen at the 2013 Great Georgia Airshow as the British Long Range Desert Group would have equipped it.  Author's Photo.


This Ford GPA is one of 12,782 Amphibious Jeeps (Seeps) produced by Ford at the River Rouge.  It is on display at the 2017 MVPA National Convention at Cleveland, OH.  This previously belonged to a military museum in Auburn, IN.  Author's photo added 12-25-2019.


This is Serial Number 11563, built in 1943.  Author's photo added 12-25-2019.


Author's photo added 12-25-2019.


Author's photo added 12-25-2019.


Ford built 8,410 of these M8 armored cars as the sole manufacturer of the type.  Ford's designation for it was GAK.  This particular one was built either in St. Paul, MN or Chicago, IL.  It was reported that 6,397 were built in St. Paul and 2,126 Chicago.  However, the total from the two plants differs from the overall reported total by 113 units.  This one was seen at the Tico, FL Airshow in 2012.   Author's Photo.


 

The M20 version of the Ford armored car came without the turret but retained a .50 machine gun for defense.  It was used primarily as a command car with more radios.  Ford built all 3,791 of these at its Chicago, IL facility.  Author's Photo from the 2013 Wings over Houston Airshow. 


The M20 was used as either a command car with an extra complement of radios or as an armored troop carrier.  Here we can see the bench seats along the sides.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


  General Patton used an M20 for his command car when he was in Europe.  This is a re-creation of that vehicle.  Author's Photo from the 2014 MVPA National Convention in Louisville, KY and added 9-1-2014.


 Under the windscreen is an M1 2.36 inch bazooka and four rounds of ammunition.  The radio and a Thompson submachine gun are on the opposite wall.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 More bazooka ammunition on the back wall with three M1 carbines.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


The driver's location.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 Another photo of the driver's location and the assistant driver's seat.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 The M20 was powered by a Hercules JXD inline six-cylinder engine, as seen here from the driver's side of the vehicle.  The JXD could produce 110 hp from 320 cu. in.  The Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


 Here is the engine from the assistant driver's side with the battery box in the foreground.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


Ford Motor Company built 1,690 M4A3 Sherman Tanks and 1,038 M10A1 Tank Destroyers during World War Two.  It acquired previous experience in building tanks during 1918 at the end of World War One.  This is one of two surviving Ford-built Model 1918 tanks out of the fifteen that were built.  The vehicle was designed in two days, the first prototype was built in three weeks, and a 222 foot by 530 foot building for mass production of the vehicle was built in 30 days.  Ford was given a contract to build 15,000 units at a rate of 100 per day.  The end of World War One prevented the tank from going into production.  Author's photo from the National Armor and Cavalry Tank collection at Fort Benning, GA added 9-22-2018. 


The Ford 1918 tank was powered by two Ford Model T engines and was armed with a .30 caliber machine gun.  It had a two man crew.  Author's photo added 9-22-2018.


Author's photo added 9-22-2018.


Author's photo added 9-22-2018.


  This is an extremely well restored example of the 1,690 Ford-built M4A3 small hatch Sherman tanks constructed at its Highland Park, Michigan plant.   This was the only type of Sherman tank Ford built; and was photographed at the WWII Museum in New Orleans, LA. 

The original small hatch M4 Sherman tanks, like this Ford built M4A3, had the front glacis angled 57 degrees from the vertical, to hopefully have enemy anti-tank shells deflect off the glacis rather than penetrate it.  However, this allowed for the driver's and assistant driver's hatches to protrude forward of the glacis, creating a weak spot in the armor.  Steel plates were welded in front of them in the field or at tank depots to increase armor protection.  The later large hatch tanks got away from this problem by reducing the glacis angle to 47 degrees.  This eliminated the protruding hatch bulges.  The glacis armor thickness was increased to compensate for the smaller angle of deflection.  Author's Photo.


The Ford-built M4A3 Sherman was powered by Ford's GAA 500 hp engine as shown below.  Sand bags were placed on the front glacis to give more protection, not only against German tank shells but the just as dangerous hand held Panzerfaust anti-tank weapon.   Author's Photo.


This M36 Jackson Tank Destroyer is on display at the U.S. Cavalry Museum at Fort Riley, KS. It was originally built in April 1943 as a Ford M10A1 with serial number 2274.  Author's photo added 4-27-2018.


 Here are two American automotive industry products in the same photo.  The M36 built on a Ford M10A1 chassis is in the foreground and a Fisher Body M4A3(75) is in the background. Author's photo added 4-27-2018.


 The serial number 2274 is plainly stamped on the chassis in several locations.  Author's photo added 4-27-2018.

The Ford-built M10A1 tank destroyers did not see overseas duty and were delegated to training in the United States.  This happened because it was powered by the Ford GAA V-8 engine while the Fisher Body M10 version was powered by twin Detroit Diesel engines.  Five times the number of Fisher Body M10s were available for combat duty versus the M10A1.  The Army also did not want two different type engines in the field.  It therefore chose to have the Ford stay in the US for training purposes.  But the M10A1 did see combat duty when converted to the M36 like the one shown above.  The M10A1 was armed with a three inch main gun.  The M36 was armed with a larger 90mm main gun needed to penetrate the more heavily armored German tanks that US forces were coming up against in Europe.  It also had a different turret for the 90mm main gun.

Ford built M10A1 Serial Numbers
Serial Numbers Registration Numbers
1803-2840 4046509-4047546


This photo shows both the M10A1 Tank Destroyers and M4A3 Tanks coming down parallel production lines at the Ford Highland Park assembly plant circa 1942-43.


Ford bu
ilt 20,999  GAA 1,100 cubic inch, 500 hp engines in its Lincoln Plant in Detroit for use in the M4A3 Sherman tank, M10A1 Wolverine tank destroyer, and later in the M26 Pershing.  The engine block castings for the GAA were poured at the River Rouge.  Author's Photo taken at the Wright WWII Museum added 11-14-2017.


 Another version of the GAA, the GAF, powered the M26 Pershing heavy tank seen in the background.  Author's Photo taken at the Wright WWII Museum added 11-14-2017.


The engine had 32 valves and four overhead cams and weighed 1470 lbs.  Author's Photo taken at the Wright WWII Museum added 11-14-2017.


During operation, a sheet metal cover hides the spark plugs and sparkplug wires.  Author's Photo taken at the Wright WWII Museum added 11-14-2017.


Author's Photo taken at the Wright WWII Museum added 11-14-2017.


This is a one of 3,688 Ford GAF tank engines that were used in the M26 Pershing tank.  Note the lower profile compared to the GAA above.  The lower profile was required to fit into the shorter engine bay of the M26.  The air filters were located off the engine with pipes delivering the air to the carburetor.  Author's Photo taken at the AAF Tank Museum added 11-29-2017.


Author's Photo taken at the AAF Tank Museum added 11-29-2017.


Author's Photo taken at the AAF Tank Museum added 11-29-2017.


Author's Photo taken at the AAF Tank Museum added 11-29-2017.


Shown here is black intake from the detached air filters via piping.  Author's Photo taken at the AAF Tank Museum added 11-29-2017.


This World War Two era photo shows one of 26 GAY tank engines built for possible use in a British tank.  Photo added 11-29-2017.


Here is a World War Two-era photo of the tank engine assembly at the Lincoln Plant.


Ford assembled 19,985 M34/M34A1 gun mounts at the Highland Park plant from parts made at the River Rouge.  Six manufacturers of the Sherman tank then assembled them into the tanks.  Author's photo added 2-1-2018.


This 1941 Ford Fire Truck served at Hunter Field in Savannah, GA during World War Two.  As seen at the Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum in Pooler, GA.  Author's Photo.


This 1942 Ford/American LaFrance fire truck served at Freeman Army Airfield in Seymour, IN during WWII.  It then served with the Seymour fire department after the airfield closed in 1946.  It can be seen on display at the Freeman Field Airfield Museum at the Seymour, IN airport.  Author's Photo added 3-1-2017.


Ford Motor Company produced 13,893 Universal Carries for British Commonwealth nations at its Somerville, MA remote assembly plant.  Ford of Canada in Windsor built another 33,988.  The Universal Carrier carried the Ford internal designation of GAU but was better known a Bren Gun Carrier.  This very nicely restored GAU was at the 2018 World War II Weekend at Reading, PA.  Author's photo added 6-22-2018.


Author's photo added 6-22-2018.


This is the best restoration of the radio equipment on a Universal Carrier that I have found.  Author's photo added 6-22-2018.


The Author's photo added 6-22-2018.

 
This Universal Carrier is Ford serial number 12502, Ordnance Department serial number  T 10448-9 , and was built in November 1944.  Author's photo added 6-22-2018.


This Canadian Ford built Universal Carrier from the Second World War was photographed at the 2014 Spirit of St. Louis Air Show.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.

Ford Canada:


This is one of 33,988 Universal Carriers built by Ford at its Windsor, ONT plant.  Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


"Ford Canada" is on a nameplate behind the driver's location.  Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


This World War Two photo shows several of the 33,988 Universal Carriers on the railroad dock at the Windsor, ONT Ford plant.


This is one of 209,000 Canadian Military Pattern Trucks built by Ford of Canada and was photographed at the National Military History Center in Auburn, IN.  Author's photo.


This version carries a single Bofors anti-aircraft gun.  Both Chrysler and Pontiac made the 40mm weapon during World War Two.  For this version built in Canada, the 40mm Bofors was built by Otis - Fensom Elevator, Ltd. in Hamilton, ONT.  The company modified the Bofors for use on the Ford truck.  Author's photo.


This Ford of Canada F15A wireless truck is on display at the Canadian War Museum in Ottawa, ONT.  Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


This Ford of Canada CMPT truck is also on display at the Canadian War Museum.  Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


Ford of Canada produced 3,200 Lynx armored cars for the war effort.  The Lynx was the Canadian version of the British Dingo short range scout car.  This one is on display at the  Canadian War Museum.  Author's photo added 2-11-2022.


 Author's photo added 2-11-2022.

Ford-Built Aircraft and Related Items:  


A Northrop P-61 "Black Widow" at the National Museum of the Air Force.  Ford built 17,008 drop tanks like the one seen here for the P-38, P-47, and P-61 during World War Two.  Author's Photo added 9-1-2014.


Ford is best remembered, especially among the aviation historians, for its contribution to the war effort for building 6,790 Consolidated B-24 Liberator four engine bombers in a huge, brand new plant in Willow Run, MI.  This was quite an endeavor and not without a lot of pain and controversy.  Once the plant got up to line speed, it was producing one bomber an hour, like this Ford-built B-24J on display at the Barksdale Global Power Museum at Barksdale AFB in Bossier City, LA.  Not only was the Willow Run Plant making parts for the bombers it was building, but it also built 1,894 Knock Down B-24s that were then shipped by truck to the Douglas Plant in Tulsa, OK and the Consolidated Plant in Fort Worth, TX for final assembly. The Willow Run Plant was one of five in the US during World War Two that in total produced 18,140 B-24s, making it the most produced aircraft in this country during the war.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


This is one of four B-24s built at the Ford Willow Run plant that are on display.  It is the only one on display in the United States.  One is in Canada and two are in the United Kingdom.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


This is a Waco CG-4A Combat Glider that is on display at the Silent Wings Museum in Lubbock, TX.  Ford built 4,190 of these combat gliders at its Iron Mountain Plant in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.  Ford was one of 17 companies that built a total 13,903 CG-4As under license for the US Army Airborne Troop Carrier Command and was the largest producer of this type of glider.  Author's Photo.


This photo shows both the landing skids and landing wheel.  Author's Photo.


From inside, it is evident that the glider is built with steel tubing wrapped by aircraft fabric and wood for supports, benches, and the floor.  Ford's Iron Mountain facility was ideally suited for this task, as it had originally made wooden bodies for the Model T.  Author's Photo.


This photo shows the interior of the rear of the CG-4A.  More steel tubing, fabric, and wood.  Author's Photo.


Ford Motor Company bui
lt 56,870 Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Radial Aircraft Engines like this during the war, at a new plant at the River Rouge.  The Ford built R-2800 found application on the Curtiss C-46,  Douglas A-26, Martin B-26, Northrop P-61, Republic P-47 and the Lockheed B-34.  This is an actual Ford-built R-2800-21 engine, on display at the Museum of the United States Air Force. Author's Photo.


Ford built 4,671 R-2800-21 radial aircraft engines to power the P-47 Thunderbolt.  Author's Photo.

Ford-Built Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Engines
R-2800 Model Number of Engines Built Aircraft Type
R-2800-5 954 B-23, B-26A,B
R-2800-21 4,671 Various P-47
R-2800-27 262 JD-1, B-23, A-26., F7F-1N
R-2800-31 6,088 PV-1, PV-2, Rb-34A,B
R-2800-43 12,559 C-46, B-26
R-2800-51 5,152 R5C, C-46
R-2800-59 10,799 P-47C, D, L
R-2800-71 1,726 Douglas JD-1, A-26B, C
R-2800-75 8,042 C-46
R-2800-79 6,617 Douglas JD-1, A-26B
Total 56,870  


The Ford-built R-2800 can be see next to one of the P-47s on display at the National Museum of the US Air Force.  Author's Photo.


A Republic P-47.  Author's Photo.


This Lockheed PV-2D Harpoon photographed at the 2013 Gathering of Warbirds and Legends still has its Ford-built R-2800-31 engines in it.  Author's Photo.


 Author's Photo.


This Ford-built R-2800-31 was seen at the 2016 Warbird Expo at the Indianapolis Regional Airport.  Author's photo added 11-13-2016.


The ID tag shows the engine has a serial number of FP-0-42-08-7.  Author's photo added 11-13-2016. 


This Ford-built R-2800 is on display at the Yankee Air Museum in Bellevue, MI.  This engine is 22 miles from where it was built.  Author's photo added 5-17-2021.   


Author's photo added 5-17-2021.   


This engine is serial number FP-08-51-44.  This is either an R-2800-71, 75, or 79 engine, as it is not possible to identify the last digit.  Author's photo added 5-17-2021.   


Ford was the exclusive manufacturer of the R-2800-51 engines that powered the Curtiss C-46 Commando.  Author's Photo.


This cutaway on display at MAPS Museum is a Ford-built R-2800-51 that powered the C-46 Commando as seen above.  Author's Photo added 5-6-2015.


Author's Photo added 5-6-2015.


This is a General Electric turbo supercharger used on a Republic P-47 during World War Two.  Ford Motor Company built 52,276 of similiar General Electric turbo superchargers at its River Rouge plant.  These were used on B-17s and B-24s.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


This cut-away of a turbo supercharger shows some of the internal parts.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.

 B-24 Nose Section Photos from the Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum:


This Ford-built nose section is on display at the Mighty Eighth Air Force Museum in Poole, GA.  More photos of this nose section can be seen at the bottom of this page.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


It was delivered 2-25-1942.  Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.


Author's Photo.

Miscellaneous Ford built items:


High tech to low tech, Ford delivered to the US Military.  Squad tents like this one were very important to the common service person, as the tentss protected them from the elements.  One would not think an automobile manufacturer would have the expertise to make something like this.  In today's world, they don't.  The seats and interior trim are now outsourced .  But in the World War Two era, Ford and other companies made their own seats and sewed their own upholstery.  The Ford Highland Park Trim Department made 9,498 tents like this to protect the GIs from rain, snow, and the cold.  Author's Photo.


This Ford Moto-Tug can be seen at the Yankee Air Museum.  This particular one was used to pull aircraft off the end of the assembly line at the Ford B-24 plant.  Ford records are unclear whether 10,877 Moto-Tubs were outsourced or built in-house by Ford.   Author's Photo added 2-16-2017.


Also at the Yankee Air Museum is this Ford built B-24L cockpit.  Author's Photo added 2-16-2017.

 

 

 

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